At the opening ceremony of the 2020 China Internet Conference held on July 23, Wu Hequan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the Advisory Committee of the Internet Society of China, delivered a keynote report. He said that 1.4 billion people are the ballast of China’s Internet ship. Our country is accelerating digital industrialization and industrial digitization, accelerating the deep integration of the Internet and the real economy, creating greater development space for the development of the Internet, and at the same time, the construction of new infrastructure has further laid a solid foundation for the development of the Internet. It is still a golden opportunity for China’s Internet development.
The main contents of the report are as follows:
Dear leaders and guests, hello everyone! I am very happy to attend the opening ceremony of the China Internet Conference and share my views with you. This is the development and evolution of the Internet, which can be divided into three major aspects: About 20 years ago, the Internet served as a network for academic research, including as a network for the U.S. military; In the 1990s, the Internet began to be commercialized; In China, full-featured The Internet was launched in 1994. In the past 20 years, a number of well-known Internet companies have been born.
Now with the emergence of mobile Internet, we have begun to enter a new era. Now we are talking about moving to the industrial Internet. The Internet and mobile communications go hand in hand. Of course, this is China Mobile Communications, which is slightly better than international startups. Although it will be a little later, we are already in sync with the 5G era.
With the development of the Internet, we can see several important technologies including cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence emerging during this period.
But in the development process of the Internet, we have also encountered some relatively big difficulties. We see that the entire Internet has developed towards digitalization, networking, and intelligence. We have experienced the Internet bubble at the turn of the century, the SARS epidemic in 2003, the international financial crisis in 2008, and then this year we encountered the new coronavirus. The pneumonia epidemic is also some of the tests and challenges faced by the Internet in its development process.
March 10, 2000 was the highest value of the Nasdaq index, exceeding 5,000 points. Then it fell all the way down. By 2002, the lowest value was only over 1,000 points, with only 1/5 left. During the bubble period, some stocks rose by more than 600% on the day they were listed, but soon fell again. It can be seen that the Nasdaq index of Internet-related companies was quite high that year. China's Internet companies basically faced the Internet bubble shortly after their birth.
The SARS epidemic in 2003 had a relatively large impact on enterprises. But from another perspective, SARS isolated people, which was beneficial to online life. We saw Alibaba's business surge during SARS. Taobao, which developed during the SARS period, was launched on May 10, followed by Alipay in October, which strongly supported the development of Taobao.
In addition, we can see that before SARS, Tencent’s QQ was just an ordinary QQ business. During SARS, Tencent tried to find ways to increase QQ’s monetization capabilities. Before SARS, Baidu was just a simple search engine. During the SARS process, Baidu added that Tieba hoped to develop into the largest Chinese community in the world.
JD.com originally relied on over-the-counter sales to sell optical discs, recorders, etc. During the SARS period, it was difficult to do this kind of over-the-counter business. JD.com began to use forums and QQ to promote sales. Later, I found that online sales were better than offline sales, so I simply sold online. In 2005, JD.com closed its stores and moved all its stores online.
It can be said that the three major portals Sina, Sohu, and NetEase all achieved profitability in 2003, and the effectiveness of the Internet was reflected during the SARS period. 2003 can be said to be the turning point when the Internet became a popular platform in China.
Let’s first talk about the 2008 international financial crisis. During the international financial crisis, the entire Nasdaq stock market fell sharply. Relatively speaking, Internet companies have been less affected. However, due to the harsh environment, it is difficult for Internet companies not to be affected. Where is the general environment reflected? 1. Global capital market funds shrank by US$27 trillion. Therefore, in the early stages of the development of the Internet, many companies have been relying on capital market financing. Without funds, many Internet companies will have difficulty developing. In addition, the Internet used to rely heavily on advertising in the real industry, but when the real industry was booming, advertising revenue was also greatly affected. How do Chinese Internet companies respond to the international financial crisis? Many Internet companies have proposed: survive the winter. Alibaba has cut some investment projects and merged its own companies. However, the stock prices of all our overseas listed Internet companies have fallen, so Baidu, Sina, Tencent, and Alibaba generally increase their stock prices through equity buybacks. According to statistics, during the entire international financial crisis, the total repurchase volume of Chinese Internet companies exceeded US$1.1 billion.
And we can see that 2008 ushered in the era of the Internet of Things. Although the term Internet of Things was first proposed in an ITU report in 2006, the Internet of Things really attracted attention after 2008. In 2008, the number of connected devices began to exceed the number of people. In addition, in 2008, we conducted the final experiments and demonstration promotion before 3G commercialization, preparing China for entering the 3G era. 3G licenses were issued in early 2009. The international financial crisis was the starting point for China's broadband development.
Let's look at this year again. Internet companies as a whole have also been affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. However, Chinese Internet companies have lived up to expectations, bravely shouldered social responsibilities, and keenly seized Internet business development opportunities. Of course, some Internet small businesses do face great difficulties.
During the epidemic, China proposed the development of new infrastructure. What is new infrastructure? These include new generation information infrastructure, converged infrastructure, and innovative infrastructure, with digital infrastructure as the focus. The focus is on the development of digital infrastructure. It is hoped that this platform will help the long-term, high-quality and sustainable development of the national economy.
Of course, the national new infrastructure strategy has also opened up a broader market for the development of our Internet. Bringing together a new generation of information technology through 5G can better support economic development.
We hope that through new infrastructure, we will vigorously promote technological innovation, expand new growth points, enhance new development momentum, stimulate consumer demand, and help industrial upgrading.
The country has also introduced some policies that are conducive to the development of the Internet. For example, on June 30, the Central Commission for Deepening Reforms reviewed and approved the "Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Integrated Development of New Generation Information Technology and Manufacturing", and on July 15, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued "On Supporting New Business Forms and New Models" "Opinions on Healthy Development to Activate the Consumer Market and Drive Expansion of Employment" clarified 15 new business formats. During the epidemic, we still took advantage of new opportunities to make better use of Internet technology, develop more new business formats and new models, and promote high-quality and sustainable economic development.
Of course, we have also seen that the COVID-19 epidemic has promoted the application of cloud, and users have moved from passive acceptance to active adaptation. China's information technology application ranks first in the world. Video conferencing, remote B-ultrasound, telemedicine, etc. have been widely used. During the construction of Huoshenshan Hospital in Wuhan, a total of 40 million people watched the construction of Huoshenshan Hospital through cloud supervision. Tencent’s video conferencing platform has more than 10 million daily active users, while Alibaba’s DingTalk platform has 120 million students taking online classes. Health codes based on big data now cover nearly 1 billion people.
During the epidemic, taking short videos as an example, our daily active users and usage time increased significantly. According to operator statistics, our Internet traffic increased by 50% during the epidemic. Data in May shows that the monthly mobile Internet traffic per user has exceeded 10GB, a year-on-year increase of 28.8%.
5G and cloud computing embody a new generation of information technology leading the second half of the Internet. This is a cloud computing scenario. The lowest layer is the operator network, which provides 4G, 5G, IPV6 Internet, optical fiber transmission system and network security support. Of course, as an infrastructure service, it is not just the operator's network, but also our enterprise. The data centers between them, or third-party Internet data centers, provide virtualized networks, storage, transmission, and computing virtual environments, and of course support, cooling, power supply, security, fire protection, computer rooms, etc.
As cloud computing, the PaaS layer and SaaS layer are very important. The PaaS layer is platform as a service, which stores many tool software, such as big data mining software, artificial intelligence algorithms, etc. It forms an open environment. Of course, for more small and medium-sized enterprises, it may be necessary to directly provide various risk control software that can be used directly. This is the SaaS platform. There are product life management, supply chain management, enterprise resource planning, and customer relationship management. Various risk control software.
For the Industrial Internet, this alone is not enough. We also need core platform suppliers for the Industrial Internet. They provide industrial operating systems, various big data in the industry, and some special algorithms. Most companies are not industrial Internet core platform providers. They should be said to be industrial Internet application providers. At this time, they also need external networks, internal networks, the Internet of Things, and various network security measures. Some data mining algorithms, artificial intelligence algorithms, and some industrial APPs specifically targeted at this enterprise.
So we can see that the Industrial Internet basically covers the new generation of information technology, and also comprehensively includes cloud computing at all levels, forming the entire digital infrastructure. Of course, it emphasizes the DaaS layer (data as a service) and the KaaS layer (knowledge as a service). The Industrial Internet itself includes the entire process starting from data, from perception, transmission, aggregation, processing, analysis, application to decision-making, supporting the role of data as a production factor. In fact, this is where the value of true digital infrastructure lies.
5G and cloud can support home office and smart life. We can see that traditional cloud migration requires high-end terminals with powerful computing power, download capabilities, and memory. The price is also relatively expensive, and the requirements for users are relatively high. Now there is no need, because ordinary terminals can directly connect to the cloud through 5G, and the capabilities of the cloud can empower the terminals, so plug and play is achieved.
Ordinary terminal mobile phones can obtain PaaS capabilities and SaaS capabilities by connecting to the cloud, which can well support our technological development. There are two short videos on the right here, one is about the gaming capabilities obtained by directly connecting the mobile phone to the cloud, and the other is the gaming capabilities obtained by high-end PCs. There is no difference between the two. During the epidemic, the cloud economy developed rapidly, and cloud offices, cloud classrooms, cloud commerce, cloud recruitment, etc. emerged as the times require. Even after the epidemic, it will still develop because it saves our travel time and various costs.
Of course, the emergence of 5G has enabled the Internet of Things to develop from narrowband Internet of Things to broadband Internet of Things. Our broadband IoT bandwidth can support 100MB/second data transmission. At the same time, 5G also supports large connections, which means that 1 million per square kilometer can be achieved. Sensor Networks. In the past Internet, our Internet of Things was sensing, which was then transmitted through the network to the back-end cloud computing platform, and then to artificial intelligence. However, the past network may not have enough bandwidth and the delay will be relatively large. The best time is missed when passing to the backend, and then the decision is made. It’s hard to get timeliness anymore. Now the emergence of 5G, high bandwidth, large connections, and support for high mobile speed and high reliability, enable the data sensed by the Internet of Things to be sent to the background as soon as possible for decision-making and feedback. At this time, the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence have achieved seamless connection. AIOT stands for Intelligent Internet.
Another step is to embed artificial intelligence chips and some software operating systems of artificial intelligence directly into terminals and modules of the Internet of Things to form an AIoT terminal. This is suitable for higher-end IoT.
Going one step further, we can embed IoT terminals into the blockchain. Adding blockchain can ensure the credibility of IoT terminals and the reliability of data.
With the development of the entire Internet in the new era, of course, the consumer Internet still has a lot of room for development. The online education we see here can make children's online classes more vivid. You can use your phone to download images from the Internet and the animation will follow. future. In addition, the second picture is about online cultural tourism. For example, when we go to a museum to watch videos, we wear glasses with 5G cameras in the museum, which is equivalent to taking a tour guide.
For online e-commerce experience, it is not convenient to go to crowded shopping malls during the epidemic. As long as you wear tight clothes, take a frontal photo, a side photo, and your height, your body parameters will be transmitted to the background, and the background will use your body parameters based on your body parameters. The look of a piece of clothing you choose actually has everything to do with your body. You can see the wearing effect on your mobile phone. Of course, you can change the color and style. These can all be done.
We can use blockchain to trace the origin of our food. We use a combination of VR/AR and 5G. We can provide distance education, including virtual education and training. Of course, smart transportation is also playing a very good role now. Now the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, 5G capabilities, and security are also very important in environmental monitoring, including smart security, smart environmental monitoring, etc.
The entire new generation of information technology still has a lot of room for development in the consumer field. A report from the Information and Communications Research Institute predicts that the value of this consumer sector will reach one trillion yuan. In fact, service consumption also creates productivity. It can create a space suitable for living and working, improve urban governance, enhance the level of urban intelligence, and build a better economic and ecological environment.
Let’s first review the development history of mobile communications. 2G was put into commercial use abroad in 1991 and in China in 1994. 2G ushered in the digital mobile era, that is, digital terminals. After the emergence of 2G, SMS, QQ, and Alipay all appeared. 3G was commercialized abroad in 2001 and in China in 2007. 3G is mainly about data transmission capabilities. Thanks to the data transmission capabilities of 3G, smartphones and various mobile Internet applications including WeChat appeared later. In fact, WeChat came out four years after 3G was commercialized in China. 4G was commercialized abroad in 2010 and in China in 2013. The main difference with 4G is the broadband capability. 4G has come out, scan-code payment, sharing economy, including smart search, short video, Kuaishou, Douyin, etc. have come out one after another. . When 4G first started, it should be said that no one could foresee that these things would become popular.
China's 5G has been launched simultaneously with developed countries. Regarding the cloud intelligence integration capabilities of 5G, we foresee that 5G can support ultra-clear video, virtual reality, augmented reality, Internet of Vehicles, industrial Internet, intelligent Internet, etc., but these are only visible now. In fact, there may be a lot about 5G that we don’t see yet.
Once network capabilities are available, new forms of mobile communications will be born in the future, and 5G will also produce new applications that we can’t even imagine yet.
In the post-epidemic society, more new technologies, new models, and new business formats will emerge, waiting for our innovative development.
Below is a list of major Internet companies. Our Internet companies adapt to changes in various external environments through transformation. We have listed NetEase, including Sohu, JD.com, Tencent, Sina, Alibaba, Baidu, and Qihoo 360. We can start their business. I get it, but their business now is much different than when they started. For example, NetEase is now a portal + game, Sohu is now focusing on search engines and advertising, while our JD.com is targeting a retail-based technology and service company, Tencent is now clearly embracing the industrial Internet, and Sina is now focusing on portals and micro-services. Mainly bloggers. Of course, there will be greater developments in the future. Alibaba will now focus on five new strategies including new retail. Baidu now wants to emphasize platform-based artificial intelligence as its strategic direction. 360 also has its own transformation pilot. Of course, it's all listed. Some companies have already launched secondary listings, such as NetEase's secondary listing in Hong Kong in June this year, Alibaba's secondary listing in Hong Kong in November last year, and 360 delisting from the New York Stock Exchange and returning to A-shares in 2017. Everything in business in general is changing, and we have to adapt to changes in circumstances and business developments.
For the development of our Chinese Internet companies, we have experienced four major tests, from the bursting of the Internet bubble, to the SARS epidemic, to the international financial crisis and the new coronavirus epidemic. During the first Internet bubble, China's Internet penetration rate was 0.7%, during the SARS period it was 4.6%, during the international financial crisis it was 22.6%, and this year it is 64.5%. China's Internet continues to grow amidst major tests. From an Internet technology perspective, what were we like during the Internet bubble? KBT’s Internet access; 2G, during the SARS period it was 2M+2G; during the international financial crisis it was 10M+3G; now it is 100M+5G.
In the first phase, we were in the early days of the Internet. When SARS broke out, the Internet became a mass platform. The international financial crisis broke out and we ushered in the mobile Internet era. When the COVID-19 epidemic broke out, we launched the era of industrial Internet. The Internet business has developed from portal websites to search, e-commerce, games, to online services, mobile e-commerce, payment, and then to intelligent business and industrial services.
It can be seen that the development of our entire Internet has gone through an extraordinary journey. China's Internet has gone through 26 years and experienced four major tests. Every crisis heralds new opportunities. After the crisis, a new Internet era opens. However, there are always some Internet companies that are washed away by the wave before they even wait for the new era and cannot survive.
However, only by keenly grasping trends and accelerating innovation-driven business transformation can we turn crises into opportunities and achieve phoenix nirvana.
In addition, we are now facing the uncertainty and severity of the international situation, and we must be mentally prepared for the long term. We expect the Internet to play an engine role in the long-term, sustainable and high-quality development of our country's economy.
Our country’s 1.4 billion people are the ballast of China’s Internet ship. China is accelerating digital industrialization and industrial digitization, and accelerating the deep integration of the Internet and the real economy. This has created greater space for the development of the Internet, and new infrastructure construction has further laid the foundation for the development of the Internet. It is still a golden opportunity for the development of the Internet.
标签： #Epidemic #Big Data #Wu Hequan #Mobile Internet #5g
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